Suzanne Bujara

Researchers recommend using spirometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide testing, and bronchodilator reversibility as first-line tests in the diagnosis of asthma in children aged 5 years and younger to prevent misdiagnosis.

The prognosis for patients with drug-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension is substantially worse than for patients with idiopathic PAH.

Lack of plumbing maintenance; aging infrastructure; warm, humid climates; and exposure to the immunocompromised may contribute to an increase in Legionnaires disease.

The objectivity of biomarkers in COPD to predict medication response, disease severity, and prognosis shows promise, but future trials need to examine biomarkers’ response in patients with COPD subtypes.

Recent guidelines set forth by an interdisciplinary panel assembled by the American Thoracic Society sought to demystify primary ciliary dyskinesia and address 4 main diagnostic questions.

Diagnosing coinfection in pneumonia can be challenging because of timing of the sample collection and false-negative results when the viruses replicate in the lower respiratory tract.

Poor sleep quality in patients with spinal cord injury contributes to adverse outcomes, including cardiovascular events and rehabilitation challenges.

Because standardized approaches for echocardiographic screening are impractical for certain subgroups of people with congenital heart disease, experts offered screening adaptations for pulmonary hypertension.

Clinicians are gaining a better understanding of how asthma and allergies are regulated by the circadian clock, which will help patients better alleviate their symptoms.

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction with valve replacement shows the most promise for improving lung function, exercise tolerance, and quality of life in patients with advanced emphysema.

Clinicians are eager for new therapies to address the damage to airways and lung parenchyma because no current therapy can completely reverse COPD damage.

Although screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography has demonstrated a reduction in mortality, some experts say the benefits do not outweigh the potential harms.

Lung transplantation can extend survival in patients with cystic fibrosis who have compromised lung function and increasing exacerbations.

Inhaling and smoking heroin and cocaine increase the risk for asthma exacerbations and decreased pulmonary function; marijuana is associated with wheezing, cough, and sputum production.

Although COPD has been identified as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, researchers are less certain about the relationship between COPD and stroke.

Recent evidence suggests that systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus in pulmonary arterial hypertension should be considered separate diseases.

Emerging guidelines for diagnosing and treating asthma COPD overlap syndrome will help clinicians better manage patients and prevent serious adverse effects.

Statins have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, which could reduce exacerbations of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Prenatal and early life stress, including societal stress, have been implicated in the development of asthma and other allergic diseases in children.

Lung transplantation can improve survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but several variables can affect the surgery’s success.

Researchers examined variation in airway branches to determine whether they have an effect on the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

More asthma clinical trials will include patient-reported outcomes as they will help guide clinicians’ understanding of their patients’ disease.

Mobile devices may help patients with asthma better manage and control their disease.

Although some pregnant women discontinue their asthma medications for fear of fetal drug toxicity, they may be putting their babies at greater risk.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension tends to vary in presentation in patients of different races and ethnicities.

Clinical symptoms of pneumonia should be identified quickly in pediatric patients to prevent inappropriate therapy.

Timely selection and early intervention, attention to comfort, and frequent checks improved outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were treated with noninvasive ventilation.

Increasing Vitamin D supplements does not prevent winter upper respiratory tract infections in young healthy children.

Incidence of delirium and coma were not prevented with early initiation of simvastatin in patients on mechanical ventilation.

Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis guidelines include the latest updates from BSACI for diagnosing and managing children and adults.