Virginia A. Schad, PharmD, RPh

Military personnel deployed to Afghanistan and Southwest Asia experience a complex mixture of exposures, most notably PM2.5 from desert dust, which can lead to adverse respiratory effects.

While spirometry is well validated in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the full potential of spirometry to identify early disease has not been completely explored.

Orvepitant treatment in intractable chronic refractory cough has demonstrated clinically relevant and sustained improvements in cough frequency and quality of life.

Efforts to address obesity in the pediatric asthma population should continue with a specific focus on achieving improved baseline control and a better understanding of triggers.

Individual testing of oxygen saturation of demand oxygen delivery systems suitability is recommended in patients with stable hypoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Testing multiple different respiratory specimens with Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra provides a novel and useful strategy for rapid diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis.

Patients who received thrombolysis during cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with confirmed pulmonary embolism had significantly higher 30-day survival rates vs patients who did not receive thrombolysis.

Regardless of baseline smoking status, glycopyrrolate inhalation powder may significantly improve lung function in patients with moderate to severe COPD.

Patients hospitalized with pneumonia often receive excess antibiotic therapy that may be associated with adverse events.

Ivacaftor is safe and effective in patients with cystic fibrosis who have severe lung disease and non-G551D gating mutations.

In patients with myositis-related interstitial lung disease, azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil treatment offers clinical improvements and a reduction in prednisone dose.

According to the results of an exploratory study, adaptive support ventilation mode performed as well as pressure support ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD.

Obstructive sleep apnea and the indices of severity are heritable, while daytime sleepiness is mostly influenced by environmental factors.

The fluticasone exhalation delivery system is a novel topical steroid delivery system that is an important adjunct therapy for sinonasal inflammatory disease.

There is no significant increased benefit in using a higher-dose nasal steroid spray compared with the standard dose after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.

The Institute for Clinical and Economic Review’s Midwest Comparative Effectiveness Public Advisory Council found all 5 FDA-approved biologic therapies to reduce asthma exacerbation, but the cost-effectiveness does not match the effectiveness of the therapies.

Severe alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, common variable immunodeficiency, and primary ciliary dyskinesia are all associated with bronchiectasis.

High-dose aspirin therapy paradoxically increases markers of type 2 inflammation in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease despite reducing nasal symptoms.

Researchers found data to support weight loss for patients who are obese and have asthma.

Researchers found data to support their conclusion that n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and similarly, carotenoids, protect metabolic health and pulmonary function in pediatric patients with asthma and obesity.

Serum brain natriuretic peptide and echocardiographic evaluation performed at the time of bronchopulmonary dysplasia diagnosis can detect the development of late pulmonary hypertension in infants.

The VTE-BLEED risk score identified patients with pulmonary embolism at risk for in-hospital major
bleeding.

CMR-determined RV strain may be a promising non-invasive method to assess RV-arterial coupling in PH.

Higher consumption of dietary cholesterol is significantly associated with a higher risk for incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among US adults.

Investigators assessed the prevalence of perioperative adverse cardiovascular events after noncardiac surgery in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension.