ARDS Exacerbated by Low to Moderate Air Pollution in Severe Trauma
Exposure to ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter <2.5 μm demonstrated strong associations with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Rituximab Safe and Efficacious Alternative Treatment for Scleroderma
Rituximab is a safe and effective alternative to cyclophosphamide in managing the progression of scleroderma and subsequent development of interstitial lung disease.
Treatment for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Gains Orphan Drug Status
Bronchiolitis obliterans is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the pulmonary transplant population with ≥50% of patients who receive a lung transplant developing the condition within 5 years.
Anti-Fibrotic Drug Gets Orphan Drug Status for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Targeting TGF-β signaling in a tissue-specific manner allows the drug to modulate the fibrotic cascade with maximum clinical effects while avoiding adverse events.
Chronic Cough in Interstitial Lung Disease: More Clinical Trials Needed
An expert panel developed suggestions for chronic cough management in interstitial lung disease, but more clinical trials are needed to establish recommendations.
FDA: Cancer Relapse Linked to Azithromycin Use to Prevent Serious Lung Condition
Pfizer has terminated the ALLOZITHRO trial (N=480) due to this increased risk.
Nintedanib and Pirfenidone Tolerated in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Many patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in an international phase 4 study tolerated combination therapy with pirfenidone and nintedanib.
Lung Transplant Survival Lower During Acute Exacerbations of IPF
Compared with individuals who had stable idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, those with an acute exacerbation had a significantly shorter survival, especially at the 3 year follow-up.
Low Nailfold Capillary Density Associated With Lung Involvement in Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Low nailfold capillary density is associated with impaired pulmonary function tests and more frequent high-resolution computed tomography abnormalities in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis.
Venoarterial ECMO Improves Survival to Transplant in Interstitial Lung Disease
In patients with end-stage interstitial lung disease, there was a higher rate of survival to transplantation with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Double Lung Transplantation Improves Survival in Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis
Double lung transplantation appears to offer superior survival outcomes to single lung transplantation in patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis who are younger than 70 years.
ECMO for severe ARDS does not improve mortality
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome did not show a 60-day mortality benefit compared with conventional ventilation and ECMO rescue therapy. More adverse events occurred in the ECMO group with respect to bleeding requiring transfusion and severe thrombocytopenia.
Recombinant Human Pentraxin 2 Slowed Lung Function Decline in IPF
Recombinant human pentraxin 2 therapy resulted in a slower decline in lung function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Composite Echo Score Predicts PH in Interstitial Lung Disease
The variables for the stepwise echocardiographic score included right ventricular systolic pressure, early pulmonary regurgitation gradient, right atrial area size, tricuspid regurgitation velocity, left ventricle eccentricity index, and right ventricle fractional area change.
60-Day Mortality Not Significantly Lower With ECMO in ARDS
In patients with very severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, 60-day mortality was not significantly lower with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation than with conventional treatment.
Initiative Cuts Overuse of Tests, Treatments for Bronchiolitis
The initiative helped reduce the ordering of chest radiographs, respiratory viral testing, and bronchodilators.
Migraine a Common Comorbidity in Individuals With Sarcoidosis
The frequency of migraine and sarcoidosis comorbidity was examined in a cohort study.
Expert Consensus on Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Diagnostic Criteria
Experts in interstitial lung disease identified 18 items of importance for diagnosing chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Outcomes Improved by Gastroesophageal Reflux Treatment
Treatment for gastroesophageal reflux significantly reduced mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and improved transplant-free survival.
Predictors Identified for Myositis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease Mortality
Researchers identified independent predictors of short-term dermatomyositis- or polymyositis-related interstitial lung disease mortality.
Treatment for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Gets Orphan Drug Designation
RP5063 is a new chemical entity with a novel mechanism of multimodal modulation of serotonin and dopamine signaling pathways.
Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Community-Acquired Pneumonia With or Without ARDS
The risk for death in patients with community-acquired pneumonia who were given mechanical ventilation does not seem to be affected by the presence of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
High-Flow vs Standard Oxygen Therapy in Infants With Bronchiolitis
High-flow oxygen therapy may be more effective in preventing care escalation in infants with bronchiolitis compared with standard oxygen therapy.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Dentists May Be Linked to Occupational Exposure
Several patients were treated for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis were identified as dental personnel.
ARDS Risk After Cardiac Surgery During Flu Season
Cardiac surgery during influenza season is an independent risk factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Effects of Lowering PEEP Below Recommended Values in Pediatric ARDS
An overall higher mortality rate was associated with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS management with PEEP levels lower than those recommended by the ARDS Network PEEP/FiO2 protocol.
Nebulized Hypertonic Saline vs Normal Saline in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis
Nebulized hypertonic saline may decrease length of hospital stay and improve clinical severity scores in infants with acute bronchiolitis.
Thyroid hormone supplementation may be a promising treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [PreClinical]
An enzyme involved in thyroid hormone activation was found to be elevated in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.
Improving Prognosis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension
Bosentan may benefit a subset of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-associated pulmonary hypertension.
A 67-Year-Old Woman With Hypertension, Diabetes Presents With Shortness of Breath
After being treated for pyelonephritis and discharged to a nursing facility, a 67-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath.
Comparing Treatments for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, cisatracurium does not improve mortality when compared with vecuronium, but is associated with improvements in other outcomes.
Chronic Lung Disease Research in the Pipeline: An Interview With Augustine M.K. Choi, MD
Pulmonology Advisor sits down with Augustine M.K. Choi, MD, Stephen and Suzanne Weiss Dean of Weill Cornell Medicine to discuss the latest topics in pulmonary medicine.
Examining the Efficacy of Carbon Monoxide Therapy in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: An Interview With Augustine M.K. Choi, MD
Pulmonology Advisor sits down with Augustine M.K. Choi, MD, Stephen and Suzanne Weiss Dean of Weill Cornell Medicine to discuss the latest topics in pulmonary medicine.
Identifying New Therapeutics for Pulmonary Diseases: An Interview With Augustine M.K. Choi, MD
Pulmonology Advisor sits down with Augustine M.K. Choi, MD of Stephen and Suzanne Weiss Dean of Weill Cornell Medicine to discuss the latest topics in pulmonary medicine.
Overview of Autophagy Research in COPD: An Interview With Augustine M.K. Choi, MD
Pulmonology Advisor sits down with Augustine M.K. Choi, MD, Stephen and Suzanne Weiss Dean of Weill Cornell Medicine to discuss the latest topics in pulmonary medicine.
Bronchiolitis Treatment in Infants Varies by Hospital
The use of evidence-based supportive therapies varies by hospital site for infants with bronchiolitis,
Smoking Affects Lung Microbiota, ARDS Risk in Trauma Patients
A significant enrichment of potential pathogens occurred in patients who smoked and who were admitted to the hospital for severe trauma.
Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Translational research has increased the understanding of the mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury.
Lung Recruitment Maneuver With Titrated PEEP Increases Mortality in Moderate to Severe ARDS
A randomized trial sought to determine whether the use of titrated positive end-expiratory pressure influenced the 28-day mortality risk in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage for Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Point/Counterpoint
Lung disease experts Athol Wells, MD, and Joshua Mooney, MD, MS, debate the diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Refractory Hypoxemia: Selecting Evidence-Based Treatments
Treatments for acute respiratory distress syndrome that have less evidence to support their use have been overused by clinicians.
Distinct Clinical Phenotypes in Interstitial Lung Disease May Better Predict Outcomes
Clustering patients with interstitial lung disease independently predicted progression-free and transplant-free survival.
Chronic Respiratory Disease Mortality Rates Increase From 1980 to 2014
Mortality rates and changes in mortality rates for chronic respiratory diseases in the United States varied by county, sex, and particular disease type.
Depression and Anxiety Affect QoL in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Depression and anxiety may affect quality of life for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Low Tidal Volume Strategy in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
A low tidal volume ventilation strategy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome demonstrated a trend toward improved mortality.
Effect of Conservative Fluid Management on Mortality in ARDS Patients
Researchers examined the efficacy of conservative vs liberal fluid management in ARDS on disease mortality.
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis: Independent Predictors of Mortality
Most patients with sarcoidosis have a good prognosis, but age, extensive fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension are associated with an increase in mortality.
Azithromycin Improves Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Azithromycin may be an effective treatment option for acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Mechanical Ventilation Increases Costs and Mortality in IPF
Mechanical ventilation does not improve outcomes in IPF patients, lengthens hospital stays, and increases costs.
Examining Pulmonary Function Measures in Pediatric SLE
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels directly correlated to subclinical pulmonary disease activity in children with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Does ICU Volume Impact Mortality and Length of Stay in ARDS?
More than 300,000 individual ICU stays were examined to determine the benefit of ICU volume related to ARDS outcomes.
Joblessness High Following Respiratory Distress Syndrome
One year after hospital discharge, high rates of acute respiratory distress survivors are jobless.
Case Study: A Patient Presents With Recurring Influenza Symptoms
Right-sided abdominal pain, vomitting, fever, and mild diarrhea were all present in a 66-year-old woman with a history of sarcoidosis and hypertension.
Chest Radiographic Screening in Active Uveitis to Diagnose Sarcoidosis
Abnormal chest radiographs were noted in patients with active uveitis of unknown origin.
Diagnostic Performance of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Algorithm
The idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis algorithm has a sensitivity of 55.6% and positive predictive value of 42.2%.
Predicting Reduced 6-Minute Walk Distance in Sarcoidosis-Associated PH
Data from 150 patients suggested that lung diffusion capacity is the most relevant predictive factor for reduced 6-minute walk distance in SAPH.
Predicting Survival in IPF With CT-Measured Pulmonary Artery: Aorta Ratio
Computed tomography-derived pulmonary artery-to-aorta ratio can predict pulmonary artery pressure and survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Restrictive Spirometry Pattern Predictive of Arterial Stiffness
Researchers examined nearly 3000 men and women to determine the relationship between restrictive spirometry pattern, reduced FVC, and arterial stiffness.
Predicting Survival Trajectories in IPF Using 2 T-Cell Biomarkers
Researchers found a significant association with declining forced vital capacity and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide with ICOS and CD28.
Increased Mortality Related to Interstitial Lung Abnormalities
Researchers examined data from 4 cohort studies to assess the risk of all-cause mortality associated with interstitial lung abnormalities.