Although no differences were seen in the standardized mean differences for respiratory rate or oxygen saturation when comparing nebulized normal saline with another placebo, a difference in respiratory scores which favored nebulized normal saline by -0.9 points was observed 60 minutes posttreatment.
Although >50% of infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis were diagnosed with asthma within 5 years of discharge, no hospital-based variables were linked to higher diagnosis rates.
Severe bronchiolitis caused by rhinovirus type A or B may be linked to earlier initiation and prolonged use of asthma control medication.
Effective quantitative airway measurements and air-trapping evaluations based on chest computed tomography scans are technically feasible in pediatric patients with postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans.
Infants with severe bronchiolitis from the rhinovirus C infection have the highest risk of developing recurrent wheeze by age 3.
More than 1 in 5 infants with a bronchiolitis hospital admission will have a subsequent respiratory-related hospital admission by age 5 years.
Prenatal exposure to acid suppressant medication in infants diagnosed with severe bronchiolitis may increase the risk of developing recurrent wheeze.
In almost 70% of bronchiolitis cases, antibiotics were prescribed with no concomitant infection.
Despite recommendations made by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the use of radiography in pediatric bronchiolitis has not decreased.
Factors predictive of escalated care in infant bronchiolitis include oxygen saturation <90%, nasal flaring/grunting, apnea, retractions, and age 2 months or younger.
